Skip to Main Content

Health Sciences Interest Group Resources

Page Contents

This page features resources and information to help new health sciences librarians orient themselves and learn more about some foundational concepts in health sciences librarianship, including:

Books and Articles To Get You Started

When first getting started in the field of health sciences or medical librarianship, it may feel overwhelming at times.  These select books and articles can help you get your bearings in the profession.

 

  • Health Sciences Librarianship
    Wood, S. (2014). Health Sciences Librarianship. Rowan and Littlefield. ISBN: 978-0810888135
    Book Review: Duncan, S. (2016). Health Sciences Librarianship. Journal of the Medical Library Association (JMLA), 104(1), 86-87. https://doi.org/10.3163/1536-5050.104.1.018
  • Health Librarianship: An Introduction
    Huber, J, Tu-Keefner, F, & Roper, F. (2014). Health Librarianship: An Introduction. Libraries Unlimited. ISBN: 979-8216095156
    Book Review: Wheeler, A. (2015). Health Librarianship: An Introduction.  Journal of Electronic Resources in Medical Libraries, 12(2), 138-139. https://doi.org/10.1080/15424065.2015.1035587

Key Databases & Tools to Know

There are hundreds of different resources available for the health sciences, and no institution has the budget to provide them all. This section attempts to provide a starting place with a few important examples to be aware of.

 

PubMed is composed of three parts:

  • MEDLINE- largest component of PubMed. Biomedical database maintained by NLM. 
  • PubMed Central (PMC)- Full text archive (be aware that not all articles here are selected by NLM)
  • NCBI Bookshelf- Full text full text archive of books, reports, databases, and other documents related to biomedical, health, and life sciences.
  • MEDLINE (free/subscription)
    Accessible through PubMed (see above) or by subscription through several different platforms (EBSCO, OVID, etc.)
  • Embase (subscription)
    Contains MEDLINE and additional citations focusing on drugs and pharmacology, medical devices, clinical medicine, and basic science relevant to clinical medicine. A good database to pair with PubMed to expand your search. Also available from OVID.
  • CINAHL (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health) (subscription)
    Focuses on nursing and allied health literature with over 3,500 indexed journals. Learn more at Carrie Price CINAHL overview

Point of Care (POC) tools are resources designed for clinicians to quickly look up information while they are with a patient. They provide summaries of evidence-based information and/or peer-reviewed sources curated and updated by health professionals. Many also contain drug information resources. 

There are many POC tools available. Here are a few examples that you may have access to:

  • DynaMedex (subscription)
    An evidence-based reference with clinically organized summaries for more than 3,200 topics. Updated daily. Provides drug information via Mircomedex.
  • Epocrates
    The FREE version of Epocrates provides drug information, interaction check, pill ID, clinical practice guidelines, formulary, and calculators. Medical students can have access to the full version of the app called Epocrates+ (Epocrates Plus), which includes all of the above content plus disease information, alternative medicine, ICD-10 and CPT codes, infectious disease treatment, and labs.
  • MdCalc
    MDCalc clinical decision support is created exclusively by board-certified physicians for use by physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, pharmacists, and medical students. A free app is also available.
  • PEPID (subscription)
    Portable Emergency and Primary-Care Information Database. Includes a differential diagnosis generator with disease monographs linked internally to calculators and drug information.
  • UpToDate (subscription)
    UpToDate is a physician-authored clinical decision tool to support to assist clinicians with point-of-care decisions. In addition to clinical calculators, UptoDate also links out to VisualDx images and PubMed citations.
  • Visual Dx (subscription)
    VisualDx is a decision support and reference tool for physicians including more than 3000 diagnoses and over 41,000 medical images. 

Florida State University provides a nice comparison of a few of these POC tools.

Like point of care tools, drug information tools are designed to provide quick information for clinicians to use when working with patients. They provide information about drugs including dosage, interactions, possible adverse reactions.

There are many drug information tools available. Some are included with point of care tools (i.e.: UpToDate uses the same drug information as LexiComp). Here are a few examples that you may have access to:

  • Clinical Info HIV Drug Database
    The Clinical Info Drug Database provides information on HIV-related drugs, including FDA-approved antiretroviral and opportunistic infection drugs and investigational drugs. Maintained by the Office of AIDS Research through the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
  • Clinical Pharmacology (ClinicalKey) (subscription)
    Drug information for prescription, over-the counter (OTC), and investigational drugs, as well as neonatal and pediatric-specific monographs. Tools: drug identification, interactions, IV compatibility, patient ed, and drug comparisons. 
  • DailyMed: Drug Package Inserts
    Maintained by the NLM, this database provides access to current and past United States Food and Drug Administration-approved labels for prescription and over-the-counter drugs.
  • FDA drug information resources
    Main listing of various drug resources provided by the FDA.
  • FDAble.com
    Tool to search for adverse drug events reported to the FDA’s MedWatch, FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS), Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS).
  • The Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP)
    Nonprofit organization devoted to preventing medication errors. Resources include: List of error-prone abbreviations, list of confused drug names, and various guidelines
  • LactMed
    Maintained by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, this database contains information on drugs and other chemicals to which may affect nursing infants via breastmilk.
  • Micromedex (subscription)
    Clinical decision support tool that provides drug identifier, drug interaction, drug adverse reaction, IV Compatibility, drug comparison, calculators, black box warmings, drug list, confused drug names, REMS, Red Book (with drug price) and much more
  • NatMed Pro (subscription)
    A resource focused on dietary supplements, natural medicines, and complementary alternative and integrative therapies.
  • Prescribers' Digital Reference (PDR)
    Part of the Physician's Desk Reference suite, a drug reference that includes descriptions, dosage information, contraindications/precautions, pharmacokinetics and more.

These databases focus on guidelines and reviews to provide research-based evidence for clinical practice

  • BMJ Best Practice (subscription)
    Sponsored by the British Medical Journal, this database combines current evidence with expert opinion and guidelines.
  • Cochrane Library (subscription)
    The Cochrane Library consists of a collection of regularly updated evidence-based health care databases.
  • ECRI Guidelines
    ECRI Guidelines Trust is a publicly available repository of objective, evidence clinical practice guidelines.
  • TRIP
    TRIP simultaneously searches evidence-based sources of systematic reviews, practice guidelines, and critically appraised topics and articles. Results are color coded based on the EBM pyramid.

Key Organizations

Health sciences librarianship can be overwhelming at first, but there are many professional organizations out there filled with welcoming colleagues who have been in your shoes at some point. If the national organizations don't fit into your budget, look to the regional and state organizations as less expensive sources for support and continuing education.

 

  • ACRL Health Sciences Interest Group
    You are here! You do not have to be a member of ACRL to create an account and join the community. Sign up for email updates to stay informed. See instructions on the About page.
  • Medical Library Association (MLA)
    MLA is the largest association focused on health sciences and medical libraries in the United States. There is a membership fee to join
  • Network of the National Library of Medicine (NNLM)
    NNLM is a program coordinated through the National Library of Medicine with a goal of “providing all U.S. health professionals with equal access to biomedical information and improving the public’s access to information”. Any library involved in health information can become a member at no cost.
  • Chapters of the Medical Library Association
    The twelve regional chapters of the MLA are governed separately from the MLA. They hold annual conferences and provide separate programming. Consider joining your local chapter as a way to network within your region. Be sure to explore each of the chapters for additional professional development opportunities.
  • Network of the National Library of Medicine (NNLM) Regions
    Seven regional libraries provide both regional and national programs open to all. NNLM and its regional libraries are great source for professional development.

Types of Health Sciences Librarians

Health sciences or medical librarians can work in a variety of settings and take on a variety of roles.  Below is a sampling of common health sciences librarian positions. 
To learn more about the different kinds of health sciences librarians, check out the the following: MLA About the Profession

Academic Health Sciences Librarian

An academic health sciences librarian is one that works in an academic setting and (almost) exclusively with health science programs.  Oftentimes, they may be situated in a health sciences or medical library specifically.

Academic Librarian w/ Health Sciences Liaison Duties

An academic librarian with health sciences liaison duties is one that works in an academic setting, but may not work exclusively with health sciences patrons.  They may be situated in a generalist library.

Embedded Librarian

An embedded librarian is one that works directly within a department or college, rather than being situated with a library.  They may be embedded into academic departments or colleges, clinical units within a hospital setting, or specific courses.

Hospital Librarian

Hospital librarians work within a hospital setting and provide information and resources to clinical users.

Consumer Health Librarian

A consumer health librarian focuses their work on providing health information and resources for the public, including consumers, patients, and their families.  They may be situated directly within a hospital setting or in a more general library setting. 

Corporate Health Sciences Librarian

A corporate health sciences librarian may work in a setting such as pharmaceutical company, insurance company, or a medical professional association and provide support to their constituents.

Government Health Sciences Librarian

A government health sciences librarian may work within a funding agency, such as the NIH, a government organization, such as the NLM or the NNLM, or another government body.

Glossary

Health Sciences Librarianship uses a number of special terms or phrases, which can feel like learning a new language.  Check out the list below for definitions to some commonly used terms.

AHIP

The Academy of Health Information Professionals (AHIP) is the peer-reviewed, accomplishment/portfolio-based certification and career development program for health information professionals.

Drug monograph

A drug monograph describes the properties, claims, indications, and conditions of use of the drug and contains any other information that may be required for optimal, safe and effective use of the drug (Health Canada).

EBM/EBP

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) or Evidence-based practice (EBP) "uses the scientific method to organize and apply current data to improve healthcare decisions. Thus, the best available science is combined with the healthcare professional's clinical experience and the patient's values to arrive at the best medical decision for the patient" (StatPearls).

Electronic health record

An electronic health record (EHR) is "an electronic version of a patients medical history, that is maintained by the provider over time, and may include all of the key administrative clinical data relevant to that persons care under a particular provider, including demographics, progress notes, problems, medications, vital signs, past medical history, immunizations, laboratory data and radiology reports" (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services).

Evidence synthesis

Evidence synthesis involves combining information from multiple studies investigating the same topic to comprehensively understand their findings (Cochrane). The most common types of evidence synthesis are:

  • Systematic review - A systematic reviews (SR) is "a review of the evidence on a clearly formulated question that uses systematic and explicit methods to identify, select and critically appraise relevant primary research, and to extract and analyze data from the studies that are included in the review" (University of York).
  • Scoping review - A scoping review (ScR) is a literature review which maps the extent, range, or nature of research on a topic or question. It uses explicit, reproducible methods to identify all studies meeting pre-specified eligibility criteria to determine whether a systematic review is necessary, summarize available evidence, identify gaps in research, and plan for future research (Tricco et al.)
  • To learn about additional review types, read "A typology of reviews: an analysis of 14 review types and associated methodologies" (Grant & Booth).

Informatics

"Health informatics is the interprofessional field that studies and pursues the effective uses of biomedical data, information, and knowledge for scientific inquiry, problem-solving, decision making, motivated by efforts to improve human health" (StatPearls).

MeSH

"The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) thesaurus is a controlled and hierarchically-organized vocabulary produced by the National Library of Medicine. It is used for indexing, cataloging, and searching of biomedical and health-related information. MeSH includes the subject headings appearing in MEDLINE/PubMed, the NLM Catalog, and other NLM databases" (NLM).

PICO

PICO is a mnemonic for the important parts of a well-built clinical question. It stands for patient/problem, intervention, comparison, and outcome (Duke University).

Plain language

Plain language in healthcare means communicating health information clearly and concisely, using everyday language, to ensure patients and the public understand and can use the information effectively. 

Point of care

Point of care refers to the location where healthcare services are provided, such as a doctor's office, clinic, hospital, etc.